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MISSION To regulate and harmonise the quality, relevance and efficiency of the TVET system to support sustainable national and regional development and global competitiveness. VISION To be a key facilitator for the development of a highly-skilled, enterprising and globally competitive workforce in support of sustainable economic and social development. CORE VALUES Integrity - We uphold honesty in everything that we do. We adhere to sound ethical principles in all our decisions and actions to ensure that our products and services reflect...

NTA BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Dr. Ruby S. Alleyne
Chairman
Mr. Archiald Prime
Deputy Chairman
Mr Malcolm Bullen
Director

Ms. Shalene Suchit-Dwarika
Director
Ms. Dianne Joseph
Director
Mrs. Cecelia London-Chapman
Director

Ms. Joy Francis
Director
Mr. Lincoln Ramlochan
Director
Ms. Lara Quentrall-Thomas
Director

Mr. Don Devenish
Director
Ms. Cavelle Joseph-St Omer
Deputy Chairman
Ms. Gwendolyne Mc Laren
Deputy Chairman

NTA MANAGEMENT TEAM

Ms. Pauline Whiteman
Chief Executive Officer(Ag.)
Mr. Anees Rahman
Corporate Secretary
Human Resources, Manager

Mr. Avenash Ramsoobhag
Programme Development and Management, Manager (Ag.)
Mr. Anthony Singh
Finance and Corporate Services, Manager
Ms. Martha Prince
Internal Audit, Manager

Mr. Deenish Maharaj
Quality Assurance and Accreditation, Manager
Dr. Patrice Parris Searles
Research, Planning and Development, Manager
Ms. Lara Maharaj
Occupational Standards and Sector Support, Manager (Ag.)

Ms. Sunita Ganpat
Business Development and Communications Manager
Mr. Ansleem Ali
Information and Communications Technology, Manager
Mr. Rasheed Kondiah
Facilities, Manager

Mrs. Elenor Rampersad David
Projects Manager

A and B

Apprentice - An individual who is employed to learn an apprenticeable occupation and is registered with a sponsor in an approved apprenticeship program.	Assessment Moderation - The process of establishing comparability of judgments of standards of candidate’s performance across different assessors, assessment center and venues, in order to ensure that assessment is valid, reliable and fair. (Implementing Guidelines on PTQCS)	Accreditation - The process used by a recognized institution, board or professional body to make sure a qualification meets national requirements: and/or to make sure an awarding body is competent to award such a qualification.
Apprenticeable Occupation - A skilled trade(s) or craft(s), which has been recognized by the United States Department of Labour, Office of Apprenticeship, Training, Employer, and Labour Services (OATELS) or the WSATC and meets the criteria established in WAC 296-05.	Assessor Training - A course or training program designed to equip participants with the knowledge, values and skills in the administration, evaluation and interpretation of competencies assessment. (Implementing Guidelines on PTQCS)	Assessment of Prior Learning (APL) - The process which formally recognizes a candidate's previous work as other experience which can then be used as proof of competence leading towards a qualification.
Apprenticeship Agreement - Written agreement between an apprentice and either the apprentice's employer(s), or an apprenticeship committee acting as agent for employer(s), containing the terms and conditions of the employment and training of the apprentice.	Audit - As used in TESDA, this term refers to the process to review the practice against documented procedure (Omnibus Guidelines on Program Registration), also termed as Internal Audit. (TESDA QA Documentation System Procedure)	Approved Center - An organisation approved to assess and verify qualifications. They are mainly places of employment or providers of vocational education and training such as tertiary colleges. They must have internal procedures to ensure the quality and consistency of assessments.
Apprenticeship Committee - A quasi-public entity approved by the WSATC to perform apprenticeship and training services for employers and employees.	Auditee a. the organization being audited. (ISO) b. as used in TESDA, this term refers to the area/s or person/s to be audited. (TESDA QA System Documentation Procedure)	Assessment - The process through which evidence of candidates’ attainments is evaluated against agreed criteria to provide the evidence for a qualification.
Apprentice Program - A plan for administering an apprenticeship agreement(s). The plan must contain all terms and conditions for the qualification, recruitment, selection, employment, and training of apprentices, including such matters as the requirement for a written apprenticeship agreement.	Auditors - As used in TESDA, this term refers to the person qualified and authorized to conduct an audit. (TESDA QA System Documentation Procedure)	Assessor - A person who conducts assessments against a unit standard or a series of unit standards. The assessor is experienced, trained, competent and registered by the awarding body.
Apprenticeship Training, Employer, and Labour Services (ATELS) - Federal apprenticeship agency that oversees federal apprenticeship program registration and standard changes and approvals.	Audit Plan - Refers to a written plan prepared prior to the conduct of audit which details activities such as where to go, what to do, when to do it, whom to see. (TESDA QA System Documentation Procedure)	Awarding Body - A recognised organisation such as the NTA, that offers qualifications and awards. Awarding Bodies design qualifications and assessment instruments and ensure that quality assurance systems are in place for them. An Awarding Body issues certificates or certificates of unit credit to candidates achieving the requirements of a qualification.
Approved - Approved by the WSATC or a person or entity authorized by the WSATC to do so.	Audit Report - As used in TESDA, this term refers to observations and findings during the audit that are meant to assist the auditee to improve the system. (TESDA QA System Documentation Procedure)	Benchmarking - Process of comparing an organization’s or company’s best practices to that of other organizations or companies using objective and subjective criteria. The process compares programs and strategic positions of competitors of exemplary organizations to those in the company reviewing its status for use as reference points in the formation of organization decisions and objectives. Comparing how an organization or company performs a specific activity with methods of a competitor or some other organization doing the same thing is a way to identify the best practice and to learn how to lower costs, reduce defects, increase quality, or improve outcomes linked to organization or company excellence. (Business Encyclopaedia)
Assessment Fee - As used in TESDA, this term means the amount charged to the examinees/candidates for the administration of competency assessment. It shall be based on the cost of supplies and materials as well as other administrative and technical expenses. (Implementing Guidelines on PTQCS)	Audit Team - Refers to a group of people designated to conduct the audit. (Procedures Manual on Compliance Audit)	Blended Learning Program - Refers to the combination of online and supervised workshop training where the knowledge theories are conducted through the internet and the supervised workshop training are conducted face to face. (TESDA Circular No. 37, s. 2009, “Implementing Guidelines in the Registration of E-Learning Training Program”

C and D

Candidate / Learner - Students in the school system register to pursue a CVQ in an occupational area. They are trained by assessors/teachers who determine their competence against the CARICOM Approved Standards. Candidates are awarded units or full certificates by CXC after demonstrating competence in the occupational area. (AHB)

Closer Report - A report being submitted to the National Quality Management Committee (NQMC) regarding the status of actions taken by the Auditee as per compliance audit findings. (Procedures Manual on Compliance Audit)

Critical Skills - Skills that are essential and/or indispensable in the operations of a firm or group of firms within an industry as identified by industry experts. (Philippine TVET Outlook: 2005-2010)

Cancellation - The termination of the registration or approval status of a program at the request of the supervisor or sponsor. Cancellation also refers to the termination of an apprenticeship agreement at the request of the apprentice, supervisor, or sponsor.

Co-Management - A partnership of two or more organizations that agreed to manage training facilities by adhering to distinct and shared responsibilities under a formal agreement for the implementation of training and training-related functions. (TESDA Memorandum dated 11/03/2001)

Curriculum - Systematic group of courses or sequences of subjects required for a graduation or certification in a major field of study; or

A general overall plan of the content or specific materials of instruction that the school should offer the student by way of qualifying him for graduation or certification of entrance into a professional or vocational field; or
A body of prescribed educational experience under school supervision, designed to provide an individual with the best possible training and experience to fit him for a trade or profession. (Manual of Policies and Guidelines on the Establishment and Operation of Public and Private TVET Institutions, First Ed., 2001) and
Any type of instructional and learning materials to be delivered using a computer and/or internet. (TESDA Circular No. 37, s. 2009, Implementing Guidelines in the Registration of E-Learning Training Program)

Career - Is the sequence and variety of occupations (paid and unpaid) which one undertakes throughout a lifetime. More broadly, career includes life roles, leisure activities, learning and work. (Queensland Department of Education and Training)

Community-Based Training - Refers to short-term programs conducted or coordinated by NGOs, LGUs, training centers and other TVET providers which are intended to address the specific needs of a community. Such programs are usually conducted in informal settings such as barangay hall, basketball courts and other available venues in a community. (TRUGA Manual)

Current Instruction - The related/supplemental instructional content is and remains reasonably consistent with the latest trade practices, improvements, and technical advances.

Career Guidance - Refers to services and activities intended to assist individuals of any age and at any point throughout their lives, to make educational, training and occupational choices and to manage their careers. Such services may be found in schools, universities and colleges, in training institutions, in public employment services, in the workplace, in the voluntary or community sector in the private sector. (Institute of Career Guidance, U.K.)

Competency - As used in TESDA, this term refers to: a) the application of knowledge, skills and attitude required to complete a work activity in a range of context and environment to the standard expected in the workplace (Procedures Manual on TR Development); or b) the possession and application of knowledge, skills and attitudes to the standard of performance required in the workplace. (Implementing Guidelines on PTQCS)

** Table 2: The Components of the Competency Standard include:

Competency Field - Describe the qualification/ occupational area. Each occupational area has a specific code number.

Unit Title - Describe a broad area of performance within the occupational area. Each occupational area is comprised of several units. Each Unit title carries a Unit code.

Competency Description - Is a summary statement that describes the competency within the unit.

Elements - These are the building blocks of a unit. One unit may be made up of two or more elements. They specify the broad activities a person has to carry out.

Performance Criteria - Specify what is to be assessed and the required level of performance.

Range Statements - Describe the condition under which the task must be performed. It provides a focus for the assessment and places the performance criteria and element into context.

Underpinning Knowledge and Skills - This is the foundation knowledge required to perform the unit of work, and the skills required to demonstrate the competence.

Critical Aspects of the Evidence - Specify the important evidence to be collected during the assessment. Assist the Assessor to target the evidence. Identified by the symbols of a circle or square.

Critical Employability Skills - These are generic competencies that are necessary for effective workplace performance

Resource Implication - Resources required to gather evidence for the assessment of the unit standard.

Context for Assessment - Specifies whether competency can be assessed in a simulated environment or in the workplace

Career Proofing - As used in TESDA, refers to that career guidance service geared towards helping students, out-of-school youth and unemployed adults decide intelligently on what career to pursue by having them undergo a career self-assessment of their abilities and occupational interests. The result are processed into an individual profile which shall serve as the basis for the individual to decide on what particular program to undergo in pursuit of that job best suited to his/her strengths. (CGIDD-TSDO, 2010)

Competency Assessment Tools - Are the actual instruments that the competency assessor uses to collect evidence. These shall be in the forms of observation/demonstration, oral interview, written test, portfolio or third party report. (Implementing Guidelines on PTQS)

Delivery Mode - Refers to the venue of training such as: school-based, centre-based, enterprise-based, and community-based or the system or the methodology itself such as the traditional or structured type conducted by semester and the competency-based which is self-paced and not time bound.

Certificate of Competency - A document issued by the authority to individuals who were assessed as competent in a single unit or cluster of related units of competency (Implementing Guidelines on PTQCS)

Competency-Based Curriculum - The specifications for a course or subject (module) which describes all the learning experiences a student or learner undergoes, generally includes learning outcomes, contents, conditions, methodologies, and assessment methods. It specifies outcomes which are consistent with the requirements of the workplace as agreed through industry or community consultations. (Quality Procedures Manual – CBC Development)

Department - The Department of Labour & Industries.

Certificate of Completion - A record of the successful completion of a term of apprenticeship (see WAC 296-05-323)

Competency Field - Describes the qualification/ occupational area. Each occupational area has a specific code number.

Direct Evidence - An actual product or outcome of work done in an occupational area, from which the applicant can bring samples of their work

Certificate of Program Registration (COPR) - A procedure wherein documents are authenticated and certified as authentic by TESDA and conforms to the service standards set by the authentication process of the Office of Consular Affairs, Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA). (Memorandum of Agreement on Issuance of CAV)

Competency Standard - A Competency Standard is an industry determined specification of performance that describes the minimum skill, knowledge and attributes necessary to be applied in the performance of a particular function in the workplace.

As used in TESDA, this term refers to industry-determined specification of competencies required for effective work performance. They are expressed as outcomes and they focus on workplace activity rather than training or personal attributes and capture the ability to apply skills in new situations and changing work organization. (Training Regulations Framework)

*See Table 2*

Direct Training Cost - Item of costs that are specifically traced to, or caused by the training. Items include, among others, consumables used in the course of the program, training supplies, materials, utilities, venue and equipment.

Certificate of Authentication and Verification (C.A.V) - Written approval by the WSATC of: A set of apprenticeship standards established by an apprenticeship program sponsor and substantially conforming to the standards established by the WSATC. An individual as eligible for probationary employment as an apprentice under a registered apprenticeship program. Committee program: All apprenticeship programs as further described in WAC 296-05-309

Context of Assessment - On the job or institution/school, which will be a simulated activity.

Distance Learning - A method of competency acquisition which employs print, radio, television, computer-based communications, satellite broadcasting, teleconferencing or other educational technologies which allows students to study on their own without having to regularly attend classes in conventional classrooms, or education imparted at a distance through communication media: radio, TV, telephone, correspondence, computer or video. (ILO)

Certification - Written approval by the WSATC of: A set of apprenticeship standards established by an apprenticeship program sponsor and substantially conforming to the standards established by the WSATC. An individual as eligible for probationary employment as an apprentice under a registered apprenticeship program. Committee program: All apprenticeship programs as further described in WAC 296-05-309

Contingency Management Skills - Refers to the ability to respond appropriately to irregularities and breakdown in routine.

Distinctive Area of Competence (DAC) - Core curricular offering with respect to school strength and needs of community.

Certification Rate - The proportion (in percent) of persons who passed the national competency assessment to the total who took competency assessment for or within a given period. (2005 IACES)

Competence Based Training - A series of learning experiences through which an individual progresses at his her own pace from entry level to final competence in the skills required for his/her chosen occupation and for which master; is continuously assessed against appropriate pre-determined standards of competence.

Dualized Training Program - A transitory phased implementation modality of DTS. It facilitates and leads the partnership arrangements between school and the workplace into DTS (RA 7686) modality overtime. (RA 7796/TESDA Law)

CFR - The Code of Federal Regulations

Cross-Sectoral Groups - A subset of two or more sectors that could, in some instances, be an occupation or a group representing an occupation.

Dual Training System (DTS) - An instructional delivery system of technical and vocational education and training that combines in-plant and in-school training based on a training plan collaboratively designed and implemented by an accredited dual system agricultural, medical, industrial and business establishments. (DTS Law – Section 4-b of RA 7686)

Class of Worker - Classified to seven categories, namely:

Work for private household – these are employed persons working in a private household for pay, in cash or in kind;
Work for private establishment – these are persons working in a private establishment for pay, in cash or in kind. This category includes not only persons working for a private industry but also those working for a religious group, missionary, unions, and non-profit organizations. Examples of persons working for a private establishment are public transport drivers who do not own the vehicle but drive them on boundary basis, persons working in public works projects on private contractors, dock hands or stevedores, cargo handlers in railroad station or piers, etc.;
Work for government/government corporation – these are persons working for the government or a government corporation or any of its instrumentalities. This category of worker includes the following workers: chaplains in the Armed Forces of the Philippines, Filipinos working in embassies, legation, chancelleries or consulates of foreign government in the Philippines and those working in international organizations of Sovereign States of Governments like the United nations (UN), World health Organization (WHO), etc.;
Self-employed – these are persons who operate their own businesses or trades and do not employ paid workers in the conduct of their economic activities. This category includes workers who worked purely on commission basis and who may not have regular working hours;
Employers – these are persons who employ one or more paid employees in the operation of their businesses or trades. Thus, domestic helpers, family drivers and other household helpers who assist in the family-operated business, regardless of time spent in this activity, are not hired employees in the enterprise/business. A farm or business proprietor who is assisted purely by such domestic help is not also considered an employer;
Worked with pay on own-family operated farm or business – members of the family who receive cash or fixed share of the produce as payment for their services in a farm or business operated by another member living in the same household;
Work without pay on own-family farm or business – members of the family who assist another member in the operation of the family farm or business enterprise and who do not receive any wage or salary for their work. (NSO)

Course Title - Refers to the name of the program to be offered. It is usually derived from the qualification title of the training regulations or it takes the qualification title of the training regulations if the program is designed to cover the entire qualification. (Procedures Manual on Program Registration)

E to K

E-Learning - Umbrella term for providing computer instruction (courseware) on-line over the public internet, private distance learning networks or in house via an internet (TESDA Circular No. 37, s. 2009, “Implementing Guidelines on the Registration of E-learning Training Program”)	External Efficiency - The relationship between the resource invested (e.g. personnel salary, equipment, maintenance and other operating expenses) and the resulting benefits accruing later to the learners and the society (e.g. employment, earnings, productivity and contribution to economic growth).	In-Plant Training - Any training (including apprenticeship) provided on the premises of an undertaking in which the trainee is employed; may be given on the job or off the job or in a combination of the two. (ILO)
Element - Elements describe the tasks that make up the broader function or job, described by the unit. These are the building blocks of a unit specifying the critical outcomes to be achieved in demonstrating competence	External Verifier - The external verifier is a person who oversees and quality assures the assessment process. They must be a qualified assessor and must be able to scrutinize an assessment process against the specified criteria, e.g. fairness, objectivity, validity and the overall process adopted and approved by the awarding body.	In-School Training - Portion of the Dual Training System (DTS) program where students/trainees receive technology based theoretical instruction on a lecture area and hands-on exercises in a laboratory and/or a workshop within the premises of a Technical Vocational Institute.
Elements of Competency - The skills described in outcome terms, that a person must be able to perform in order to complete the work activity as indicated by the unit of competency. (TESDA Board Resolution No.2004-13)	Functional Analysis - A methodology or technique for developing occupational specifications, particularly the competencies inherent in a productive function which may be a broad function, an occupation, or a specific job. (F. Vargas Zuniga – 40 Questions on Labor Competency, Cinterfor/ILO, 2004)	In-Service Training - Training and professional development of staff, often sponsored by the employer, and usually provided during normal working hours.
Employed - Include all those who, during the reference period are 15 years old and over as of their last birthday and are reported either: At work - those who do any work even for one hour during the reference period for pay or work without pay on the farm or business enterprise operated by a member of the same or related by blood, marriage or adoption; or With a job but not at work – those who have a job or business but are not at work be it temporary or temporary illness/injury, vacation or other reasons. Likewise, persons who expect to return or to start operation of a farm or business enterprise within two weeks from the date of the enumerator’s visit, are considered employed. (NSO)	Functional Literacy - The ability to communicate effectively, to solve problems scientifically, to think critically and creatively, to use resources sustainability and be productive, to develop one’s sense of community and to expand one’s world view. (Literacy Coordinating Council (LCC) Resolution No. 1, s. 2008 – DepED	Institutional Assessment - An assessment undertaken by the institution for its students to determine their achievement of the learning outcomes in the module of instructions in given unit of competency or clusters of competencies. (TESDA Board Resolution No. 2004-13, “Training Regulations Framework”)
Employment Rate Percentage of the total number of employed persons to the total number of persons in the labour force. (NSO) As used in TESDA, the term refers to the ratio (in percent) of employed TVET graduates to the total number of graduates.	Gender and Development Mainstreaming in TVET - Integration of GAD perspective into the analyses, formulation, monitoring and evaluation of TVET policies, programs and projects in the development agenda, with the ultimate goal to achieve gender equality. (UN)	Institutional Development Plan - A document which serves as an institutional road-map to development within a specific period of time which provides strategic analysis and recommendations for organizations to grow in their educational programs, enrollment, marketing and financial development.
Enrollment - The total number of students or trainees who have registered in a given course or program. (2005 IACES)	Governance - The exercise of economic, political and administrative authority to manage a country’s affairs at all levels and the means by which States promote social cohesion, integration, and ensure the well-being of their population. It embraces all methods used to distribute power and manage public resources and the organizations that shape government and the execution of policy. It encompasses the mechanisms, processes, and institutions through which citizens and groups articulate their interests, exercise their legal rights, meet their obligations and resolve their differences. (Engendering Economic Governance, Social Research Center, United Nations Fund for Women)	Internal Efficiency - The relationship between utilization of educational resources and results.
Enterprise - A participating establishment that directly engages an apprentice based on an approved Apprenticeship/Learnership Program. (Revised Guidelines in the Implementation of Apprenticeship and Learnership Programs)	Governance in TVET - Explicit designation of authority and powers as well as responsibilities and accountabilities. Governance statements regulate and enable decision-making and actions for the partners and participants who work within the TVET sector. (TESDA-PTTAF/CIDA Project Output Documents)	Internal Quality Audit - A process to review the practice against documented procedures usually carried out by auditors within the organization. (TESDA Quality Manual dated 1/15/2010)
Enterprise-Based Program - Training program being implemented within companies/firms. These programs can be any of the following: (Revised Guidelines in the Implementation of Apprenticeship and Learnership Programs) Apprenticeship Program; Learnership Program; Dual Training System.	Government Assistance to Students and Teachers in Private Education (GASTPE) - Financial assistance to further the goal of improving quality and accessibility in private education particularly in the secondary, post-secondary (TVET) and higher education levels. DepED, TESDA and CHED supervise the administration and implementation at the different education levels, respectively. (RA 8545/GASTPE Law)	Internal Verifier - An Internal Verifier (IV) is a person with direct responsibility for the quality assurance of the assessment process in an approved centre and in any of its satellite sites in which candidates are assessed. The IV will be sufficiently experienced in assessment in the occupational area. Even where a centre has only one Assessor, an IV must be appointed to discharge the above duties. A large centre may appoint an IV Coordinator, or lead IV, where more than one IV is involved within that centre.
Enterprising Training - A training scheme to develop persons for self-employment or for organizing, financing and/or managing an enterprise.	Graduate - A student or trainee who was enrolled in a particular course and has completed the requirements set for that course/program. (2006 IACES)	Job - A set of tasks and duties executed, or meant to be executed, by one person; a regular activity performed in exchange for payment, especially as part of one's trade, occupation, or profession. (ISCO – 88, http://www.answers.com/topic/job)
Entry Qualifications (Requirements) - Refers to the minimum and “must” qualifications of a trainee to a training program that will ensure effective and efficient training.	Higher Education - The stage of formal education following the secondary education covering the programs on: a) all courses of study leading to bachelor’s degree, and b) all degree courses of study beyond bachelor’s degree level.	Job Analysis - The process of examining a job in detail to identify its component tasks; the detail and approach may vary according to the purpose for which the job is being analyzed, e.g., training, equipment design, work layout. (The Glossary of Training Terms, United States Department of Employment, 1978)
Equivalency - The process of recognizing present competencies and giving credit towards additional qualification	Higher Education Institution - A legal entity that offers at least one program leading to a higher education credential.	Job Role /Environment Skills - Refer to the need to fulfil the requirements and expectations of the organization. Seven (7) generic skills were identified by organizations for this purpose namely teamwork, communication, planning and organizing, problem solving mathematical, analytical and technological. The Assessor is required to show how these seven generic skills relate to the activity given.
Evidence - Information produced in the form of written documents, pictures, work samples or demonstrations, used to substantiate a claim of competence attained through prior learning	Higher Education Program - A course of study leading to an initial or higher bachelor’s degree, as well as formal graduate studies leading to master’s, doctoral or similar degree.	Joint - Indicates a program that is jointly sponsored by a group of employers and a labour organization with a collective bargaining agreement. It is administered by employer and employee representatives from an apprenticeship and training committee composed equally from management and labour.
Evidence Collection - The process of gathering information for portfolio creation and development	In-Company Training - The portion of the DTS program where students/trainees receive practical learning by being integrated in the regular work system of an establishment.	Journey Level - An individual who has sufficient skills and knowledge of a trade, craft, or occupation, either through formal apprenticeship training or through practical on-the-job work experience, to be recognized by a state or federal registration agency and/or an industry as being fully qualified to perform the work of the trade, craft, or occupation. Practical experience must be equal to or greater than the term of apprenticeship.
Evidence Guide - As used in TESDA, this term refers to a component of the unit of competency that defines or identifies the evidences required to determine the competence of the individual. It provides information on critical aspects of competency, underpinning knowledge, underpinning skills, resource implications, assessment method and context of assessment. (Training Regulations Framework)	Industry Immersion - The process of deploying TVET trainers to industries/companies to enhance their skills, knowledge and attitudes in their area of specialization to be applied to their training centers for quality TVET training.	Key Competencies - Any of several generic skills or competencies considered essential for people to participate effectively in the workforce. Key competencies apply to work generally, rather than being specific to work in a particular occupation or industry. Seven key competencies have been identified: collecting, analyzing and organizing information; communicating ideas and information; planning and organizing activities; working with others and in teams; using mathematical ideas and techniques; solving problems; and using technology. (National Training System Glossary, Australia http://www.dest.gov.au/ sectors / training training_ skills/policy_issues_reviews/key_issues/nts/glo/Labour Force The population 15 years old and over, whether employed or unemployed, who contribute to the production of goods and services in the country, (NSO)
Extension Program - An intervention focused on training and other related support services to people needing assistance, with the primary aim of building their capabilities for gainful and productive economic activities.	Industry Working Group - A group composed of representatives of industry associations, organizations, TVET institutions, labour groups and concerned government agencies who are working directly with TESDA in skills planning, standards development, assessment and certification, and promotion of TVET.	Key Performance Measure - One of a set of measures used to monitor or evaluate the efficiency or effectiveness of a system, which may be used to demonstrate accountability and to identify areas for improvement.

L to Q

Labour Force - The population 15 years old and over, whether employed or unemployed, who contribute to the production of goods and services in the country, (NSO)	National Human Resource Management Information System (NHRMIS) - A computerized human resource management database system to be managed by the Ministry of Labour and Co-operatives.	Portfolio Assessment - Refers to the process of determining whether an applicant is competent through evaluation of his/her records of achievement. (TESDA Circular No.23, s. 2008 - Implementing Guidelines on PTQCS)
Labour Force Participation Rate - The proportion (in percent) of the total number of persons in the labour force to the total population 15 years old and over. (NSO)	National Training Plan - A strategy for effectively identifying the level and type of training required and putting in place appropriate provision to raise the nation's skill-base, in keeping with the NTA's policies, vision, mission, goals and objectives.	Prevailing Wage - The hourly wage, usual benefits and overtime, paid in the largest city in each county to the majority of workers, labourers, and mechanics. Prevailing wages are established by the Department of Labour & Industries for each trade and occupation employed in the performance of public work. They are established separately for each county and are reflective of local wage conditions. (RCW 31.12.010 and 015)
Labour Market - A system consisting of employers as buyers and workers as sellers, the purpose of which is to match job vacancies with job applicants and to set wages. (ILO)	National Qualification - A qualification that is defined by nationally promulgated Training Regulations and is created by combining units of competency into groups that correspond to meaningful job roles in the workplace and aligning these with a national qualifications framework, in this case PTQF. (Training Regulations Framework	Private Education Student Financial Assistance (PESFA) - The program that will afford education grants to deserving students in private post-secondary non-degree TVET coursed in line with the skills requirements of the priority sectors identified in the National Technical Education and Skills Development Plan; a financial assistance program for incoming freshmen enrolled in private schools in priority courses deemed necessary for national development. (RA 8545/GASTPE Law)
Labour Supply - Refers to the supply of workers, hours or effort for the production of goods and services, and is determined by the size of the population, the proportion able and willing to work and the number of hours worked by each individual. (ILO)	Non-Joint - Indicates a program where there is no labour organization or collective bargaining agreement. It is sponsored by employer association(s) and administered by an apprenticeship committee composed equally from employer and employee representatives	Probation - Initial: The period following the apprentice's acceptance into the program which is limited in time by these rules and during which the apprentice's appeal rights are impaired. Disciplinary: A time assessed when the apprentice's progress is not satisfactory. During this time the program sponsor may withhold periodic wage advancements, suspend or cancel the apprenticeship agreement, or take further disciplinary action. A disciplinary probation may only be assessed after the initial probation is completed. During the disciplinary probation, the apprentice has the right to file an appeal of the committee's action with the WSATC (as described in WAC 296-05-009)
Ladderization - The mechanism by which programs are linked to enable students to progress through levels of qualifications, between providers or sectors.	Observations - Refers to the statement of facts concerning practices and behaviours that are being adopted by the institution/area that are outside the program registration requirements. (Procedures Manual on Program Registration)	Project Based Assessment - Assessing student performance on project work. This is different from assessing traditional class work, because students are working in different project with different timelines. The teacher’s task of assessing students is more complex than for typical classroom teacher’s instruction where everyone is evaluated together.
Learners - As used in TESDA, the term refers to persons hired as trainees in semi-skilled and other industrial occupations which are non-apprenticeable. (Revised Guidelines in the of implementation Apprenticeship and Learnership Programs)	Occupation - A set of jobs whose main tasks and duties are characterized by a high degree of similarity. (ISCO – 88, http://www.answers.com/topic/job)	Project-Based Instruction - An authentic instructional model or strategy in which students plan, implement and evaluate projects that have real world applications. (TESDA Board Resolution No. 2004-13, “Training Regulations Framework”)
Learning - A relatively permanent change in behaviour that occurs as a direct result of experience.	Occupational Analysis - Process or method for identifying the activities and requirements of workers and the technical and environmental factors of the occupation through observation, interview and study. It comprises identifying the tasks involved in the occupation together with the skills, knowledge, aptitudes and responsibilities that are required from the worker for the correct performance of the occupation, which facilitates its differentiation among the rest. (ILO-Cinterfor www.cinterfor.org.uy)	Provincial Regional Skills Priorities - List of critical skills in identified priority sectors classified by province/region.
Learning Element - A component of modular training programs, in particular the ILO Modules of Employable Skill (MES), comprising detailed instructions on techniques needed for the performance of one or more specific tasks; corresponds to "learning module" in other modular programs. (ILO Thesaurus, 2005 http://www.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ILO-Thesaurus/english/index.htm)	Occupational Standards - These specify the standards of competence people are expected to reach in a particular occupational area, including knowledge and understanding. They also provide the basis for assessment, which is crucial to their use in competence-based vocational qualifications. The standards are defined and kept up-to-date by standards-setting bodies, and are recognized by the NTA.	Psalm Approach - PSALM is an acronym for a planning approach developed and adopted by TESDA which stands for Policy-oriented, Sector-focused, Area-based, Labour Market driven approach. It is used in generating labour market information on priority sectors and critical skills, vital for TESD planning and decision making.
Learning Outcomes - The set of knowledge, skills and/or competencies an individual has acquired and/or is able to demonstrate after completion of a learning process, formal, non-formal or informal. (Terminology of European Education and Training Policy, Cedefop, 2008)	Orientation - A workshop held at a Workforce Assessment Centre to officially inform applicants about the PLAR System	Quality Audit - Refers to methodical examination of an organization’s quality management system, in whole or in part, to assure conformance to a specific quality standard (e.g., ISO 9001). Quality audits may be conducted by external (third) parties or they may be done internally. “Certification audits” must be conducted by third-party auditors. (ISO)
Life Long Learning - The process of acquiring knowledge, skills and attitudes throughout life via education, training, work and general life experiences.	PLAR - See Prior Learning Assessment and Recognition.	Quality Auditor - One who conducts quality audit; must be qualified to conduct quality audits. (ISO)
Literacy Rate - Percentage of the population who can read and write and understand simple messages in any language or dialect. (2006 Inter-Agency Committee on Education Statistics (IACES)	Peer Teaching - A training modality wherein fast learners are given the opportunity to assist slow learners (Training Regulations Framework)	Qualification - A certificate of achievement or competence specifying the title of the award.
Livelihood Program - A socio-economic project that seeks to motivate, prepare and train workers to embark on income-generating and service-oriented activities geared towards promoting self-sufficiency and initiative among the workers. (Investment in Technical Vocational Education and Training in the Philippines)	Performance Criteria - Are evaluative statements that specify what is to be assessed and the required level of performance. (Training Regulations Framework)	Qualifications Framework - The structure for identifying vocational qualifications in terms of level and sectoral classification, in accordance with the competence-based system.
Mentoring - Teaching and training personnel (ILO)	Performance Standards - The ability to perform competencies in keeping with occupational and industrial specifications.	Quality Assurance - The process of ensuring that the degree of excellence specified within the approved Standards or Qualification is achieved. It is the audit system adopted by the Awarding Body to ensure that approved centres meet the criteria for all activities associated with achieving and maintaining standards for the delivery of CVQs.
Middle-Level Skilled Manpower - Those who have acquired practical skills and knowledge through formal, non-formal and informal education and training to at least a secondary education but preferably a post-secondary education with a corresponding degree or diploma; or skilled workers who have become highly competent in their trade or craft as attested by industry. (RA 7796/TESDA Law)	Petitions, Requests, and Correspondence - Any written business brought before the WSATC (examples may include: Requests for new committees Requests for revisions to the standards Appeals.	Quality Control - Part of quality management focused in fulfilling quality requirements.
Modular Training - A system where training content is divided into independent units or modules which can be combined to form a program suited to individual needs, technical developments, or occupational structure, etc., permitting continuous adaptation of the program. (ILO Thesaurus, 2005 http://www.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ILO-Thesaurus/english/index.htm	Philippine TVET Qualification Framework - A quality-assured framework meant to serve as comprehensive, nationally consistent yet flexible system for giving recognition to the attainment of competence along the middle level occupations. (Procedures Manual on TR Development)	Quality Document - A document that contains requirements for quality system elements for products or services. The results of activities such as inspections or quality audits. (ISO)
National Assessment - This refers to the assessment of an individual’s competence that leads to the issuance of a National Certificate (NC) or a Certificate of Competency (COC). (TESDA Board Resolution No. 2004-13, Training Regulations Framework)	Philippine TVET Qualification (PTQCS) -A quality assured system in recognition of the attainment of competencies.	Quality Improvement - The actions taken to increase the value to the customer by improving the effectiveness and efficiency of processes and activities throughout the organizational structure. (ISO)
National Certificate - A certification issued to individuals who achieved all the required units of competency for a national qualification as defined under the Training Regulations. NCs are aligned to specific levels within the PTQF. (TESDA Board Resolution No. 2004-13, Training Regulations Framework)	Plant - Indicates a program for a single physical location or a group of physical locations owned by the sponsor	Quality Management Principles - Used by management as a guide towards improving performance. The Quality Management Principles were derived from the experience of experts on the technical committees and represent the main elements that a good quality system must have. The eight principles are: Customer Focus, Leadership, Involvement of People, Process Approach, Systems Approach to Management, Continual Improvement, Factual Approach to Decision-making, and Mutually Beneficial Supplier Relationship. (ISO)
National Certificate Level - Refers to the four (4) qualification levels defined in the PTQF. Where the worker in: NC I performs a routine and predictable tasks; has little judgment; and, works under supervision; NC II performs prescribe range of functions involving known routines and procedures; has limited choice and complexity of functions, and has little accountability; NC III performs a wide range of skills; works with some complexity and choice; contributes to problem solving and work processes; and, shows responsibility for self and others; and NC IV performs a wide range of applications; have responsibilities that are complex and non-routine; provides some leadership and guidance of others; and, performs evaluation and analysis of work practices and the development of new criteria and procedures. (TESDA Circular No.23, s. 2008 – Implementing Guidelines on PTQCS)	Probability of Credits - The process where competencies learned is considered for academic credit toward a higher educational qualification.	Quality Management Systems - The totality of an organization's management processes designed to meet identified quality standards.
National Community College - A rationalized and integrated system for the governance of tertiary level education which will be in the form of a multi-campus college incorporating a number of existing institutions such as the John S. Donaldson Technical Institute, the San Fernando Technical Institute, the Point Fortin Government Vocational Institute, the Eastern Caribbean Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, the Metal Industries Company Ltd, the Joint Services Staff College and Ministry of Health Nursing Programmes.	Portfolio - A compilation of documents that supports the candidate’s claim of competence that was acquired from prior learning and experience

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Recognition of Competency - The process in which the competency/ies currently possessed by an individual can be assessed against the relevant unit of competency and may be given recognition through the issuance of appropriate certificate.	Standards-Setting Body - An organisation responsible for formulating standards of competence for an occupational area and reviewing them in the light of employers' needs. These will mainly be bodies approved by the NTA but may be other regulatory or professional bodies which have been given authority from the government of Trinidad and Tobago to carry out these functions.	Training Duration - Refers to the estimated minimum training hours usually expressed in hours wherein the learner is expected to complete a particular training module of program. (Procedures Manual on Program Registration)
Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) -The process in which the individual’s previous learning outside the formal system which contributes to the achievement of current competency/ies can be assessed against the relevant unit of competency and given recognition through the issuance of appropriate certificate.	State Assistance Council (SAC) - The organized body tasked for policy guidance and direction, monitoring and evaluation of new and existing programs and the promulgation of the rules and regulations governing GASTPE. (RA 8545/GASTPE Law)	Training Modality - A distinct system by which training is delivered. (Investment in TVET in the Philippines)
Regional Occupational Standards (ROS) - National Occupational Standards that have been regionally approved by CARICOM	Sub-State Assistance Council (SUB-SAC) - A sub-unit of the SAC to assist in each of the three levels of private education, i.e. secondary education, post-secondary vocational and technical education and higher education. It shall provide support and technical assistance particularly in the formulation of guidelines and criteria within the framework of GASTPE Law. (RA 8545/GASTPE Law)	Training Needs Analysis - An analysis of the occupational and industrial training requirements both quantitatively and qualitatively in a particular cluster of occupations.
Registered Training Providers (RTP) - A training provider that has successfully completed the first phase of centre approval with the NTA	Survey Instrument - Formal set of questions or statements designed to gather the information from respondents to accomplish the goals of the study.	Training Provider - A public and private institution or non-governmental organisation which provides training and/or facilitates the training process for the acquisition of competences in keeping with occupational and national standards, accredited facilities and vocational qualifications, and appropriate resources.
Registry of Certified Workers - Serves as depository of data of individuals who have undertaken TESDA competency assessment. It provides information on the pool of certified workers for various qualifications nationwide and facilitate verification of the certificate status of workers. (TESDA Circular No.23, s. 2008 - Implementing Guidelines on PTQCS)	Task - A discrete, assignable unit of work that has an identifiable beginning and end, containing two or more steps which when performed, leads to a product, service or decision. This is normally performed within a specified period of time.	Training Regulation - A TESDA promulgated document that serves as basis for which the competency-based curriculum and instructional materials and competency assessment tools are developed. This document represents specific qualification. How the competencies in this qualification can be gained, assessed and be given recognition is detailed in this promulgated document. (TESDA Board Resolution No.2004-13 and Procedures Manual on TR Development)
Regulation - A prescribed set of criteria and conditions which will include among other things, procedures, rules, specifications and standards for regulating and monitoring a system of vocational qualifications and accreditation by the NTA.	Task Analysis - The process of analyzing each task to determine the steps involved, performance standards, tools, and equipment needed, related knowledge, safety, attitudes, and decisions expected of workers performing it.	Training Standards - Refers to the sections of the Training Regulations that gives information and important requirements for TVET providers to consider when designing training programs corresponding to a national qualification (see definition of qualification); this includes information on curriculum design, training delivery, trainee entry requirements, training tools and equipment, and trainer qualifications. (Training Regulations Framework)
Regulatory Body - An organisation appointed by the Government to establish national standards for qualifications and to ensure consistent compliance with them.	Tax Incentives - A host of tax benefits given to participating schools and companies in the Dual Training System. These are tax deductions from taxable income for dual training expenses, donations and contributions granted to participating establishments and tax-free importation of equipment, apparatus and materials to participating schools/training centres.	Training Voucher - An entitlement to education or training issued to a learner or trainee and redeemable for the course and provider of the student’s choice.
Retraining - Training for acquisition of skills and knowledge required in practicing an occupation other than the one for which the person was originally trained. It may require training specialization.	Technical Education - Refers to the education process designed at post-secondary and lower tertiary levels, officially recognized as non-degree programs aimed at preparing technicians, paraprofessionals and other categories of middle-level workers by providing them with a broad range of general education, theoretical, scientific, artistic and technological studies, social services and related job skills training. (RA 7796/TESDA Law)	Transferability - Refers to the property of a unit of competency to be used in a range of different contexts within an industry in across industries or across industries.
Sectoral Skills Plan - A document which contains the trends and prospects of a particular industry demand and supply, goals, strategies, policies and programs and serves as a planning tool for addressing industry skill needs and a decision making framework for both government and private sector.	Technical Education and Skills and Development Authority (Philippines) (TESDA) - An agency of the Philippine government under the Department of Labor and Employment responsible for managing and supervising technical education and skills development in the Philippines.	Tuition Fees - Money charged by private and public schools on instruction, excluding laboratory fees, medical fees and other fees.
Sector - A national group of companies, organisations or workers which share some relevant combination of products, services or technology which results in their having common human resource concerns.	Technical Education and Skills Development Committees (TESDCS) - Refers to the Regional and Provincial Technical Education and Skills Development Committees established by the Authority at the Regional and local levels to coordinate and monitor the delivery of Skills development activities by the public and private sectors. (RA 7796/TESDA Law)	TVET Students - Persons who are participants in a vocational, administrative or technical training program for the program of acquiring and developing job competencies
Self-Paced Learning - Learning undertaken at an individual’s or group’s own pace or ability to absorb/acquire skills and knowledge.	Technical-Vocational Education and Training - The education or training process where it involves, in addition to general education, the study of technologies and related sciences and the acquisition of practical skills relating to occupations in various sectors of economic life and social life, comprises formal (organized programs as part of the school system) and non-formal (organized classes outside the school system) approaches. (UNESCO)	Underpinning Knowledge and Skills - This is the foundation knowledge required to perform the Unit of work, and the skills required to demonstrate the competence
Short-Term Program - Programs offered in-campus, be it in-school or in-center, by unit of competency or cluster of competencies leading to a qualification eligible for a Certificate of Competency. Comprises the basic, common and a unit/cluster of units of core competencies.	Technician - A person who has acquired knowledge and skills of a more practical nature than those required of the qualified scientist, engineer on one hand, and more theoretical nature than those required of the skilled worker or craftsman, on the other. A technician’s education and training are likely to have taken him up at least up to a level equivalent to the end of secondary education in a general or technical stream, but usually to a post-secondary with a corresponding degree or diploma. (Note: a technician is the link between the skilled workers and the scientists or engineers.)	Unified TVET Program Registration and Accreditation System (UTPRAS) Centre Approval Process - Two-stage process of quality assurance which is composed of the following: Program Registration - refers to the first stage of the Unified TVET Program Registration and Accreditation System (UTPRAS). It is the process by which TVET courses are registered with TESDA. Course of registration describes the intent of the institution offering TVET Programs. The registration process tests the capacity of the TVI to deliver its stated curricula to students against the minimum standards prescribed in the Training Regulations (TRs) or as determined by an expert panel in the absence of such. Registration begins with all documentation submitted to TESDA and continues compliance to the requirements for programs granted Certificate of Program Registration (CoPR). (Program Registration Procedures Manual) Accreditation – means the process leading to the issuance of a certificate of accredited status attesting to the quality or standards of a public or private TVET school or to any of its TVET programs or courses and to the effectiveness of the management and operations of the TVET school offering the program as exceeding the minimum standards or criteria prescribed by the Authority as provided for in the Manual of Policies and Guidelines on the Establishment of Public and Private TVET Institution. Accreditation shall be voluntary in nature. (Manual of Policies and Guidelines on the Establishment of Public and Private TVET Institution, First Edition)
Skilled Worker - A person who has acquired the full qualifications required in performing a recognized trade, craft or other occupation.	Technology - A systematic method of devising, applying and assessing the whole process of technology and learning by taking into account technical and human resources, inter-actions between these, so as to obtain a more effective form of education and training.	Unit Title - A broad area of performance within the occupational area. Each occupational area is comprised of several units. Each Unit title carries a Unit code.
Skills - The acquired and practiced ability to carry out a task or job. (RA 7796/TESDA Law)	Technology-Based Community Program - A program covering a full qualification or clusters of units of competencies conducted in the community by public or private TVET institution or sponsored by local government units, non-government organizations, and other government agencies. (Omnibus Guidelines on Program Registration)	User-Led or Market-Driven Strategy - A strategy that promotes strengthened linkages between educational/training institutions and industry to ensure that appropriate skills and knowledge are provided by the educational center. (PSALM Approach)
Skills Certification - Formal recognition of workers' skill qualifications, independent of the manner in which they were acquired. (ILO).	Tertiary Education - Formal education beyond secondary education, including higher education, vocational education and training, or other specialist post-secondary education or training; sometimes used to refer only to higher education or training.	Vocational Qualification - A qualification obtained from an awarding body as a result of pursuing competence-based training at an approved center in keeping with occupational standards of competence, assessment and certification.
Skills Development - The process through which learners and workers are systematically provided with learning required as qualifications for a job or range of jobs in a given occupation area.	TESDA Development Fund (TDF) Training Fund - A development fund established, to be managed/administered by TESDA, the income from which shall be utilized exclusively in awarding of grants and providing assistance to schools, training institutions, industries, local government units for upgrading their capabilities, and to develop and implement technical education and skills development programs. (RA 7796/TESDA Law)	Washington State Apprenticeship and Training Council (WSATC) - The Washington State Apprenticeship and Training Council (WSATC) as the regulatory body responsible for developing, administering, and enforcing apprenticeship program standards (Standards) for the operation and success of apprenticeship and training programs in the State of Washington.
Skills Priorities - List of skills considered critical to the growth of priority sectors and industries at national, regional and provincial levels.	Trade - Any group of interrelated jobs or any occupation which is traditionally or officially recognized as craft or artisan in nature requiring specific qualifications that can be acquired through work experience and/or training.	Youth - Portion of the population between 15 – 30 years of age (RA 8044/Youth in Nation-building Act)
Stakeholder - A person or organization with an interest or concern in something. In vocational education and training stakeholders include government, providers of training, industry, clients and the community.	Trainee - A person qualified to undergo the training system for the purpose of acquiring and developing job qualifications.	Youth Profiling for Starring Career - A complete guidance delivery system to help young Filipinos make the right career choices, based on an objective assessment of their abilities and occupational interests (YP4SC Publication)
	Training Capacity - Refers to the capacity of the training or education provider to absorb in terms of number of enrolees in a particular program and in terms of physical facilities.

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ACTT - See Accreditation Council of Trinidad and Tobago.	Basic Skill - A fundamental skill that is the basis of later learning or is essential for employment; skills and competences needed to function in contemporary society, including listening, speaking, reading, writing and mathematics.	Facilities Audit - The Facilities Audit is a Quality Assurance and Control mechanism intended to verify that all predetermined criteria set for the implementation of the Caribbean Vocational Qualification (CVQ) are in place.
Accreditation - The process used by a recognized institution, board or professional body to ensure a qualification meets national requirements; and/or to make sure an awarding body is competent to award such a qualification.	CVQ - See Caribbean Vocational Qualification.	Flexible Assessment - This is a Policy which allows the candidate and the assessor to decide on the use of a set of mutually agreed assessment methods, to be used in the evaluation of the Candidate’s competencies.
Accreditation Council of Trinidad and Tobago (ACTT) - Currently, ACTT’s key functions include conferment of institutional title, registration of higher education intuitions, accreditation of institutions and programmes, recognition and equivalence assessments of foreign qualifications and awards and institutional development. These key functions provide the basis for ACTT to monitor and evaluate the quality of educational programmes, safeguard the interests of students and the public and provide an assurance of, and improvement in, the quality of education and training offered to consumers regionally and locally (https://actt.org.tt/services).	Candidate - A person seeking selection for a programme; an applicant who has been accepted into the PLAR process for certification in per an occupational standard.	Formal Learning - Comes from a planned learning activity that takes place within a structured environment and may lead to some form of certification.
Advisor - A PLAR expert who provides non-technical assistance to applicants, throughout the entire PLAR process.	Candidates / Learners - Students in the school system register to pursue a CVQ in an occupational area. They are trained by assessors/teachers who determine their competence against the CARICOM Approved Standards. Candidates are awarded units or full certificates by CXC after demonstrating competence in the occupational area.	Full Qualification - See Occupational Standard.
Applicant - A person who has an interest in being certified by the Workforce Assessment Centre.	Caribbean Vocational Qualification - The Caribbean Vocational Qualification (CVQ) is an award that represents achievement of a set of competencies which define core work practices of an occupational area, consistent with the levels articulated within the regional qualification framework. To earn an award, students must demonstrate competence in reaching CARICOM-approved occupational standards developed by practitioners and employers (i.e. the industry experts). These standards are organised in units. Students may earn unit awards towards achieving a complete CVQ.	IV - See Internal Verifier.
Application - A formal request to be certified by the Workforce Assessment Centre. Apprenticeship Advisory Committee Committee of leading employers capable of employing the graduates of a program.	Certificate of Competency - An official document, issued by the NTA, which records the achievements of an individual following a standard assessment procedure.	Indirect Evidence - Information provided in the Candidate’s portfolio which has been sourced from past and present employers, that describes the Candidates work skill and performance.
Approved Centre - A training provider that has been approved to award CVQ certification.	Competence - An individual's demonstrated capacity to perform a task or skill, i.e. the possession of knowledge, skills and personal attributes needed to satisfy the specific needs or requirements of a particular job.	Individual Agreement - A written agreement between an apprentice and/or trainee and either the apprentice's employer or an apprenticeship committee acting as agent for the employer.
Articulation - The mechanism by which programs are linked to enable students to progress through levels of qualifications between providers or sectors. Articulated programs provide multiple entry and exit points and a staircase or ladders of learning opportunities	Competency Analysis - An assessment process to determine level of competence. Competency Based Assessment The gathering and judging of evidence in order to decide whether a person has achieved competence based on the occupational standard. See also Occupational Standard.	Industry Wide Standards - The current, acceptable trade practices, including technological advancements that are being used in the different trades.
Assessment - The process used for determining an individual's progress or level of mastery/competence in an occupational area. This may include a wide variety of techniques such as written tests, examinations, practical tests, assignments and oral tests, etc. The assessment process may be formative (continuous) and /or summative (final).	Competency Based Education and Training (CBET) - Competency Based Education and Training (CBET) is a system of education and training that is designed to ensure that upon leaving the education and training system learners possess the requisite competencies or outcomes (knowledge, skills, and attitude) that meet the needs and interests of the workplace.	Informal Learning - Learning activities that occur through non work-related everyday life experiences.
Assessment Decision /Judgement - This is the assessor’s evaluation of the evidence provided, as to whether competence has been achieved.	Competency Description - Is a summary statement that describes the competency within the unit.	Internal Verifiers (IV) - Designated Heads of Department or senior teachers are trained by the NTA. They ensure that the Assessor is performing assessments according to the established CARICOM Approved Standards. Internal Verifiers are required to sample assessment records and assess candidates to ensure that the assessment evidence is reliable.
Assessment Material - These can be any equipment and supplies used in support of the evaluation of the candidate, within the assessment process. Assessment Method(s) This ascertains the various techniques that can be used to evaluate the types of evidence that have been provided to support the candidate’s claim of competence. Methods include: Observation of performance Examination of products Oral Questioning Written testing Appraisal of a portfolio Simulation Self-assessment Projects/Assignment	Competency Field - Describes the qualification/occupational area. Each occupational area has a specific code number.	Job Role /Environment Skills - Refer to the need to fulfill the requirements and expectations of the organization. Seven (7) generic skills were identified by organizations for this purpose namely teamwork, communication, planning and organizing, problem solving mathematical, analytical and technological. The Assessor is required to show how these seven generic skills relate to the activity given.
Assessment Plan - This is the plan that outlines where and when the candidate’s assessment would take place, in addition to what methods of assessment would be used.	Core Competency - A unit within an occupational standard that an industry has agreed is essential to be achieved if a person is to be accepted as competent at a particular level. See also Occupational Standard.	Knowledge and Skills Gaps - An indication of where the candidate lacks sufficient knowledge and skills to perform a task within a unit of the occupational standard.
Assessment Process - This is the whole series of steps that the candidate goes through within the Workforce Assessment Centre, from Application to Post Certification Guidance and Support. The Assessment Process involves: Assessment Planning Collecting Evidence Judgement of Competency Feedback Completing assessment Records Review.	Delivery Mode - Refers to the venue of training such as: school-based, centre-based, enterprise-based, and community-based or the system or the methodology itself such as the traditional or structured type conducted by semester and the competency-based which is self-paced and not time bound.	Learning - A relatively permanent change in behaviour that occurs as a direct result of experience.
Assessment Ready - When the candidate has provided as much evidence for his portfolio as he could and he is ready to develop his Assessment Strategy.	Elective Unit - Elective units are units which may be chosen or omitted so that the required number of elective units can be achieved, according to the qualification plan for the award of a particular CVQ. See also Qualification Plan Unit.	MIC - See Metal Industries Company Limited.
Assessment Strategy - The selection and customization of assessment methods and assessment tools to devise the most suitable way to facilitate the candidate's needs and providing proof of competence during the formal assessment. This is agreed upon by the candidate and the assessor.	Employer - Any person or organization employing an apprentice whether or not such person or organization is a party to an apprenticeship agreement with the apprentice. "Employer" includes both union and open shop employers.	Mandatory Unit - Mandatory units describe those that MUST be taken for the award of the CVQ. See also Qualification Plan Unit.
Assessor - Teachers are trained and certified as Assessors by the NTA and awarded a CVQ Level 4. Assessors / Teachers determine a candidate’s competence against Approved Standards using various methods of assessment. A person appointed by an approved centre to assess an individuals' evidence against the requirements of a vocational qualification.	Evidence Verification - The determination that evidence provided by the Candidate is valid, sufficient, current and authentic, so as to enable the assessor to make a judgement in allowing progression to the next stage of the process.	Metal Industries Company Limited - Metal Industries Company Limited is a multi-functional commercial and training institution with training facilities strategically located throughout Trinidad and Tobago (T&T). Its commercial operations are conducted under the aegis of the Industry Services Division which serves as a hub for highly skilled manufacturing engineers, precision machinists, welding technicians, craftsmen and industrial maintenance personnel, utilizing the “Training Factory Concept” (https://www.mic.co.tt/page/about-us).
Award - A certificate, diploma, or degree presented to an individual or institution in recognition of the attainment of work competencies or criteria governing the occupation. Awarding Body (PLAR Unit) An organization accredited and regulated by the NTA to award the CVQ/TTNVQ qualifications.	External Verifiers (EV) - External Verifiers are appointed by the National Training Agency from industry and are independent of the training institution or organization. They are trained by the NTA. They audit the Assessment and Internal Verification processes to ensure that they meet CARICOM, CXC quality standards.
Awarding Body (PLAR Unit) - An organization accredited and regulated by the NTA to award the CVQ/TTNVQ qualifications.

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NESC - See National Energy Skills Centre.	Pre-Screening - This is where the assessor reviews an applicant’s self-assessment and determines his viability for achieving certification in at least one (1) unit of the requested Occupational Standard.	Training Modality - A distinct system by which training is delivered.
NTA - See National Training Agency.	Prior Learning and Recognition (PLAR) - Prior learning assessment (PLA) is a process that involves the identification, documentation and assessment of learning acquired through formal, non-formal and informal learning. This may include work and life experience, training, independent study, volunteering, travel, hobbies, and family experiences. Recognition (R) is the award of a trade/occupational and/or professional certification (e.g. TTNVQ or CVQ).	Training Provider (TP) - An institute, enterprise or community-based organisation which provides training and/or facilitates the training process for the acquisition of competences in keeping with occupational and national standards, accredited facilities and vocational qualifications, and appropriate resources
National Energy Skills Centre (NESC) - The National Energy Skills Centre (NESC) is a non-profit foundation established in 1997 by the Government of Trinidad & Tobago (GOTT) in partnership with major industrial enterprises. The NESC’s training prepares graduates for employment in the construction and maintenance trades across all sectors of industry in Trinidad & Tobago. While the company was originally established to meet the needs of the Energy Sector, it now offers multi-sector training, opening doors for graduates to a variety of employment opportunities (http://www.nesctt.org/about-us/).	Private TVET Provider - A non-government training organization managed and funded by a private person or organization. This includes the following: a) Commercial Providers – institutions providing training to any individual for profit; b) Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs) or People’s Organization – non-profit private organizations providing training; and c) Enterprise / Industry Providers – companies / firms providing training to their own employees or to employees of other enterprises across an industry.	Transferable Skill - Skills that can be transferred from one work context to another or that can be introduced in a different technical environment.
National Occupational Standards (NOS) - Occupational Standards that have been endorsed by the local industry.	QA - See Quality Assurance.	Transparency - The complete PLAR Process and system of assessments, procedures and practices are fully disclosed, open to scrutiny, and publicly available.
National Training Agency (NTA) - The National Training Agency is the umbrella agency for effecting reform in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) in Trinidad and Tobago. Its role is to co-ordinate and regulate technical and vocational education and training, promoting and facilitating a coherent system of quality TVET. The system is designated to satisfy the changing needs of industry as well as cater to the aspirations of individuals in pursuit of their career goals and opportunities.	QP - See Qualification Plan.	Trinidad & Tobago National Vocational Qualification (TTNVQ) - A national qualification obtained as a result of pursuing competence-based training at an approved centre in keeping with occupational standards of competence, assessment and certification.
Non-Formal Learning - Learning that takes place within the work environment, but which are not from organized learning activities.	Qualification - The certification obtained from an awarding body as a result of pursuing competence-based training at an approved center in keeping with occupational standards of competence, assessment, and certification.	TTNVQ - See Trinidad and Tobago National Vocational Qualification.
Not Yet Competent - Person has not yet been found competent in the minimum number of units required for the Occupational Standard.	Qualification Plan (QP) - An accredited programme which fits an industry sector skill & knowledge set.	TVET - See Technical Vocational Education and Training.
Not Yet Viable for Assessment - Candidate has not provided enough evidence to indicate that he has the potential to be found competent in at least one (1) unit of competence.	Quality Assurance (QA) - This ensures a consistent approach to monitoring and maintaining the quality of performance - for example, international quality standards such as ISO 9000 Series. In the case of competence-based vocational qualifications, quality assurance is dependent largely upon the internal and external verification processes. It is an audit system adopted by the Awarding Body to ensure that the W.A.C meet the criteria (a degree of excellence) specified within the occupational standards for all activities associated with achieving and maintaining standards for assessment leading to certification.	TVETCC - See TVET Control Centre.
Occupation - A group of jobs having common or closely related responsibilities and duties, and occurring in representative industries throughout the country.	Recognition of Competency - The process in which the competency/ies currently possessed by an individual can be assessed against the relevant unit of competency and may be given recognition through the issuance of appropriate certificate.	TVET Control Centre - The National TVET Control Centre also known as the National TVET Registry, is an online database designed to collect, store and retrieve information about Training Providers and Practitioners.
Occupational Areas - Areas of work activity identified and recognized by employers as highly relevant to the respective industry. For example, the NTA currently has identified over 150 occupational areas including Carpentry/Masonry, Tile Laying, Electrical Installation, Plumbing, Welding, Grow Box Operations/Crop Production, Woodworking and Furniture Design, Upholstery and Furniture Design.	Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) -The process in which the individual’s previous learning outside the formal system which contributes to the achievement of current competency/ies can be assessed against the relevant unit of competency and given recognition through the issuance of appropriate certificate.	TVET Registry - See TVET Control Centre.
Occupational Choice - Professional or educational alternative, selected by the learner.	Regional Occupational Standards (ROS) - National Occupational Standards that have been regionally approved by CARICOM.	Underpinning Knowledge and Skills - This is the foundation knowledge required to perform the Unit of work, and the skills required to demonstrate the competence.
Occupational Standards (OS) - Define the knowledge, skills and attitudes required for effective workplace performance. They specify what a person should know and do in order to carry out the functions of a particular job in the context of the work environment. They are the agreed minimum best practice in an Occupational Area and take into account all statutory requirements. See also: National Occupational Standards & Regional Occupational Standards	Registered Training Provider (RTP) - A training provider that has successfully completed the first phase of centre approval with the NTA.	Unit - A broad area of performance within an occupational area; Occupational standards are comprised of several units.
Orientation - A workshop held at a Workforce Assessment Centre to officially inform applicants about the PLAR System.	Registration - The process for applying for admittance into the PLAR Process.	Unit of Competence - Unit of competency means the specification of knowledge and skill and the application of that knowledge and skill to the standard of performance expected in the workplace.
PLAR - See Prior Learning Assessment and Recognition.	Retraining - Training for acquisition of skills and knowledge required in practicing an occupation other than the one for which the person was originally trained. It may require training specialization.	User-Led or Market-Driven Strategy - A strategy that promotes strengthened linkages between educational/training institutions and industry to ensure that appropriate skills and knowledge are provided by the educational center.
Performance Criteria - Statements of performance that are used as the basis of assessing an individual’s competence in a skill area.	Self-Assessment - An individual’s personal evaluation of their performance against the requirements of the unit competency.	Viable for Assessment - Candidate has provided enough evidence to indicate that he has the potential to be found competent in a minimum number of Units.
Portability of Credits - The process where competencies learned is considered for academic credit toward a higher educational qualification.	Skill - The ability to perform a task or activity, which may include manual dexterity and/or mental aptitude, properly and consistently, over a period of time.	WAC - See Workforce Assessment Centre.
Portfolio - A compilation of documents that supports the candidate’s claim of competence that was acquired from prior learning and experience.	Task Skills - Identify the various skills required to perform the activity. This can be obtained from examining the performance criteria (PC) and the range statements.	Workforce Assessment Centre (WAC) - Centres aimed at increasing access to and participation in Post-Secondary Education and Training, using a system of Prior Learning Assessment and Recognition (PLAR) to assess and certify competencies gained through non-formal means. See Prior Learning Assessment and Recognition.
Portfolio Assessment - Refers to the process of determining whether an applicant is competent through evaluation of his/her records of achievement.	Task Management Skills - Refers to the ability to manage the various task skills identified.	YTEPP - See Youth Training and Employment Partnership Programme.
Portfolio Development - The process of compiling supporting evidence that demonstrate the candidate’s claim of competencies in a specific occupational area. See also Evidence Collection Portfolio.	Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) - Activities which emphasize the application of the skills, knowledge and attitudes required for employment in a particular occupation or cluster of related occupations in any field of social and economic activity including agriculture, industry, commerce, the hospitality industry, public and private services etc. Some of these activities may take place in an institution while the facilities of industry are employed for work experience and additional training inputs.	Youth Training and Employment Partnership Programme (YTEPP) - The Youth Training and Employment Partnership Programme (YTEPP) is an intervention strategy aimed at addressing the issue of escalating unemployment, particularly among young persons between the ages of 15 and 25. YTEPP Limited offers over 80 vocational courses in 12 occupational areas, and training is conducted in six-month cycles. The Programme is open to eligible persons who are interested in entrepreneurship or acquiring Level I and II (craft and pre-craft) technical vocational training. Please visit the YTEPP website for more information on courses offered (http://www.ytepp.gov.tt/).
Portfolio Review - Final evidence submitted is reviewed by the assessor and opportunities for further submission of evidence relative to needs of the occupational standard is allowed.	TP - See Training Provider.
Pre-Assessment - A discussion between the candidate and assessor, to determine the appropriate assessment methods that would be used in the determination of the candidate's competence. See also Assessment Strategy.	Training - The acquisition of knowledge, skills, and competencies as a result of the teaching of vocational or practical skills and knowledge that relate to specific useful competencies.

OUR SERVICE

WHAT WE DO

Occupational Standards

Occupational Standards (OS) define the knowledge, skills and attitudes required for effective workplace performan

Research

In keeping with the mandate of the NTA, to evaluate the current labour market, the Research, Planning and Development Department is recognized as the hub of the NTA for the production of Labour Market Studies.

Vocational Qualification

Vocational qualifications offer practical learning programmes that are in direct relation to specific job roles or sectors. Taking a vocational qualification means that you study and gain skills in a particular job area.